A graduate of Pragues School of Arts and Crafts in 1936 he created a puppet theater which was disbanded after the outbreak of WWII During the war he designed stage sets and illustrated childrens books In 1945 he set up an animation unit with several collaborators at the Prague film studio they called the unit Trick Brothers Trnka specialized in puppet animation a traditional Czech art form of which he became the undisputed master He also created animated cartoons but it was his puppet animation that made him an internationally recognized artist and the winner of film festival awards at Venice and elsewhere He wrote the scripts for most of his own films