Ernest Hemingway

Description above from the Wikipedia Ernest Hemingway journalist licensed under CCBYSA full list of contributors on Wikipedia Ernest Miller Hemingway July 21 1899 July 2 1961 was an American journalist novelist shortstory writer and sportsman His economical and understated stylewhich he termed the iceberg theoryhad a strong influence on 20thcentury fiction while his adventurous lifestyle and his public image brought him admiration from later generations Hemingway produced most of his work between the mid1920s and the mid1950s and he won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1954 He published seven novels six shortstory collections and two nonfiction works Three of his novels four shortstory collections and three nonfiction works were published posthumously Many of his works are considered classics of American literature Hemingway was raised in Oak Park Illinois After high school he was a reporter for a few months for The Kansas City Star before leaving for the Italian Front to enlist as an ambulance driver in World War I In 1918 he was seriously wounded and returned home His wartime experiences formed the basis for his novel A Farewell to Arms 1929 In 1921 Hemingway married Hadley Richardson the first of four wives They moved to Paris where he worked as a foreign correspondent and fell under the influence of the modernist writers and artists of the 1920s Lost Generation expatriate community His debut novel The Sun Also Rises was published in 1926 He divorced Richardson in 1927 and married Pauline Pfeiffer they divorced after he returned from the Spanish Civil War where he had been a journalist He based For Whom the Bell Tolls 1940 on his experience there Martha Gellhorn became his third wife in 1940 they separated after he met Mary Welsh in London during World War II He was present with the troops as a journalist at the Normandy landings and the liberation of Paris Hemingway maintained permanent residences in Key West Florida in the 1930s and Cuba in the 1940s and 1950s He almost died in 1954 after plane crashes on successive days injuries left him in pain and ill health for much of the rest of his life In 1959 he bought a house in Ketchum Idaho where in mid1961 he ended his own life